Breast cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the cells of the breast. It can affect both men and women, though it’s far more common in women. Early detection through screening and improved treatments have significantly increased survival rates. Key aspects include:

1. Types: There are several types of breast cancer, including invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), among others.
2. Symptoms: Common symptoms include a lump in the breast or underarm, changes in breast shape or size, skin dimpling, or discharge from the nipple. However, some cases might not present noticeable symptoms.
3. Risk Factors: Factors include age, family history, genetic mutations (such as BRCA1 and BRCA2), personal history of breast cancer, and lifestyle factors like alcohol consumption and lack of physical activity.
4. Diagnosis: Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical exams, mammograms, ultrasound, biopsies, and sometimes MRI scans to determine the presence, size, and extent of the cancer.
5. Treatment: Treatment plans are personalized and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The choice depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.
6. Prevention: While not all cases can be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular screening, and, for those with high genetic risk, preventive surgeries or medications can help reduce risk.